Calculating Slope and Common Slopes in Architecture
There are three different ways to indicate the slope of a
surface relative to the horizontal plane: degrees, gradient, and percentage.
Calculating a Slope Gradient
Slope gradients are written as Y:X, where Y is a single unit
in rise and X is the run. Both numbers
must use the same units. For instance,
if you travel 3 inches vertically and 3 feet (36 inches) horizontally, the
slope would be 3:36 or 1:12. This is
read as a "one in twelve slope."
Calculating the Slope Percentage
Slope percentage is calculated in much the same way as the
gradient. Convert the rise and run to
the same units and then divide the rise by the run. Multiply this number by 100 and you have the
percentage slope. For instance, 3"
rise divided by 36" run = .083 x 100 = an 8.3% slope.
Calculating a Slope in Degrees
The most complicated way to calculate slope is in degrees
and it requires a bit of high-school math.
The tangent of a given angle (in degrees) is equal to the rise divided
by the run. Therefore, the
inverse-tangent of the rise divided by the run will give the angle.
|
DEGREES
|
GRADIENT
|
PERCENT
|
|
0.6°
|
1 : 95.49
|
1.0%
|
|
1°
|
1 : 57.29
|
1.7%
|
|
1.15°
|
1 : 50
|
2%
|
|
1.19°
|
1 : 48
|
2.08%
|
|
2.86°
|
1 : 20
|
5%
|
|
4.76°
|
1 : 12
|
8.3%
|
|
7.13°
|
1 : 8
|
12.5%
|
|
10°
|
1 : 5.67
|
17.6%
|
|
14.04°
|
1 : 4
|
25%
|
|
15°
|
1 : 3.73
|
26.8%
|
|
26.57°
|
1 : 2
|
50%
|
|
30°
|
1 : 1.73
|
57.7%
|
|
45°
|
1 : 1
|
100%
|
|
56.31°
|
1: 0.67
|
150%
|
|
60°
|
1 : 0.6
|
173.2%
|
|
63.43°
|
1 : 0.5
|
200%
|
|
78.69°
|
1: 0.2
|
500%
|
|
89.43°
|
1 : 0.1
|
1000%
|
|
90°
|
1 : 0
|
inf.
|
THANKS
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